Abstract
This study conducted a thematic analysis that aims to understand the experiences of teachers in improving the preparatory learning outcomes of pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds. The research revealed nine critical themes, categorized into three main aspects: influential factors, challenges, and overcoming strategies. Significant themes identified under influential factors include Motivational Parental Engagement, highlighting the positive impact of active parental involvement; Parental Support Engagement, emphasizing the role of parents in backing their children's educational journey; and Differentiated Instruction, where teachers adapt their teaching methods to cater to diverse student needs. In terms of challenges, the study identified Socio-economic Hardships, revealing the financial and environmental obstacles students face; Discrimination, indicating the biases and prejudices pupils encounter; and Educational Resource Scarcity, pointing to the lack of adequate learning materials and facilities. Strategies for overcoming these challenges encompass Customized Learning Support, focusing on individualized educational approaches; Holistic Relationships, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive student-teacher connections; and Sustainable Collaborations, advocating for enduring partnerships among educators, parents, and communities. Conclusions suggest that effective educational outcomes for disadvantaged pupils require a multifaceted approach, integrating parental engagement, differentiated instruction, and overcoming socio-economic and resource-related barriers. The study recommends strengthening parental involvement, enhancing resource allocation, and developing tailored teaching strategies. It also underscores the need for addressing socio-economic disparities and fostering inclusive education environments to mitigate discrimination.